TSO NTERNATIONAL STANDARD 2854 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION -MEKIYHAPOAHA OPTAHV3ALIMA IO CTAHIAPTH3ALIHW·ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Statistical interpretation of data -- Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variances Interpretation statistique des donnees -Techniques d'estimation et tests portant sur des moyennes et des variances First edition - 1976-02-15 tEBy- 1976 ANs Internat Doc Sect ISO 2854-1976 (E) UDC 519.28 Ref.No.1SO 2854-1976 (E) Descriptors : statistical analysis, statistical tests, estimation, mean, variance (statistics). Price based on 46pages No reproduction or networking permited without license from IHS Not for Resale FOREWORD ISO (the tnternational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (IsO Member Bodies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through Iso Technical Committees. Every Member Body interested in a subject for which a Technical Committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that Committee. international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with isO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the Technical Committees are circulated to the Member Bodies for approvai before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International StandardIsO 2854 wasdrawn up byTechnical Committee ISO/TC 69, Applications of statistical methods, and circulated to the Member Bodies in October 1973. Ithas been approved bytheMember Bodies of thefollowingcountries : Australia Hungary Romania Belgium India South Africa, Rep. of Brazil Israel Switzerland Bulgaria Italy Thailand Czechoslovakia Japan Turkey Egypt, Arab Rep. of Netherlands United Kingdom France New Zealand U.S.S.R. Germany Poland Yugoslavia The Member Bodies of the f following countries expressed disapproval of the document on technical grounds : Sweden U.S.A. InternationalOrganizationforStandardization,1976 Printed in Switzerland Copyright Intermational Organization for Standardization No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale CONTENTS Page SECTION ONE : PRESENTATION OF CALCULATIONS General remarks 1 Tables 3 MEANS Variance known unknown Comparison of a mean with a given value A A' Estimation of a mean B B Comparisonoftwomeans c' Estimation of the difference of two means D D' VARIANCES Comparison of a variance with a given value E Estimation of a variance F Comparison of two variances G Estimation of the ratio of two variances H SECTION TWO : EXPLANATORY NOTES AND EXAMPLES Introductory remarks 28 Numericalillustrationofprocedures 34 ANNEXES A Comparison of paired observations using Student's t-test 40 BStatisticaltables 41 national Organization for Standardizatior No reproduction or networking permited without license from IHS Not for Resale